Currently, tea farmers in Taiwan generally adopt one of four farming methods: conventional farming, natural farming, organic farming, and wild-growing (unmanaged) farming.

Conventional farming refers to the traditional, widely practiced method that uses chemical pesticides and fertilizers to control pests and diseases and to increase crop yields. Upon hearing “conventional farming,” many people might immediately associate it with chemical use and potential harm to soil and human health. However, tea trees—especially high mountain varieties—are more delicate than most crops and require meticulous care. For example, the popular high-mountain variety “Qingxin Oolong” is highly susceptible (HS) to twig blight, making organic cultivation particularly difficult and filled with challenges.

So, tea lovers shouldn’t frown upon conventionally managed tea gardens. When fertilizers and pesticides are applied appropriately and at the right time during the growing season, and combined with good weeding and overall garden management, the resulting tea can easily meet safety standards for pesticide residues—or even test as non-detectable (N.D.).

Additionally, in 2017 the Taiwanese government launched a 10-year plan to reduce chemical pesticide usage by half. The Tea Research and Extension Station is actively promoting rational fertilization practices and helping farmers adopt Integrated Pest Management (IPM) techniques to reduce reliance on fertilizers and pesticides. Taiwanese tea farmers have also voluntarily reduced their chemical use significantly over time.

Moreover, Taiwan conducts pesticide residue testing for tea across 411 different substances. As long as third-party lab reports show results as “within standard limits” or “not detected (N.D.),” consumers can enjoy Taiwanese tea with confidence.